Strain - Detail -
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Strain Distribution
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Strain No.
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NIES-6
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Institution name
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National Institute for Environmental Studies
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Phylum
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Heterokontophyta
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Class
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Raphidophyceae
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Order
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Family
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Scientific name
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Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada ex Y.Hara & Chihara
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Synonym
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Entomosigma akashiwo Y.Hada; Chattonella akashiwo (Y.Hada) Loeblich III 1979; Olisthodiscus carterae Hulburt 1965; Heterosigma inlandica Hada 1968; Chattonella inlandica (Y.Hada) Loeblich III & Fine 1977; Heterosigma carterae (Hulbert) F.J.R.Taylor 1992
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Common name
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Locality（Date of collection）
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Japan Osaka,
Osaka Bay,
(1979-08-**)
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Collector name
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Habitat(Isolation source)
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Marine
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Details of habitats
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Inner bay
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Isolator(Date of isolation)
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Watanabe, Makoto M.
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Identified by
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Watanabe, Makoto M.
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State of strain
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Unialgal; Clonal; Axenic[2018 Feb]
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Preservation state
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Subculture
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Freeze Preservation
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Uncertain
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Culture condition(Preculture condition)
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Medium:f/2
Medium form:Liquid
Temperature:20
℃
Light intensity:31
μmol phtons/m2/sec
L/D cycle:10L:14D
Duration:1 M
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Gene information
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16S rRNA
(AB181954
)
16S-tRNA-Ile-tRNA-Ala-23S
(AB181958
)
18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-28S
(AF157381
)
CO1
(AB334507
)
rbcL
(AB334434
)
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Image
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Characteristics
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Red tide
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Cell size(min-max)
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20μm
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Organization
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Unicellular; Flagellate
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Remarks
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Fragile species to transportation stresses; Read and agree "How to order 4.1"; Axenic
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Reference
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Harashima, A., Watanabe, M., Fujishiro, I.:
1988:
Evolution of bioconvection patterns in a culture of motile flagellates.:
Phys. Fluids,
31,
764-775.
Strains:
6
Hatano, S., Hara, Y., Takahashi, M.:
1983:
Preliminary study on the effects of photoperiod and nutrients on the vertical migratory behavior of a red tide flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo. Jpn.:
Jpn. J. Phycol. (Sôrui),
31,
263-269 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Kim, D., Oda, T., Ishimatsu, A., Muramatsu, T.:
2000:
Galacturonic-acid-induced increase of superoxide production in red tide phytoplankton Chattonella marina and Heterosigma akashiwo.:
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.,
64,
911-914.
Strains:
6
Kim, D., Okamoto, T., Oda, T., Tachibana, K., Lee, K. S., Ishimatsu, A., Matsuyama, Y., Honjo, T., Muramatsu, T.:
2001:
Possible involvement of the glycocalyx in the ichthyotoxicity of Chattonella marina (Raphidophyceae): immunological approach using antiserum against cell surface structures of the flagellate.:
Mar. Biol.,
139,
625-632.
Strains:
6
15
Kim, D., Sato, Y., Oda, T., Muramatsu, T., Matsuyama, Y., Honjo, T.:
2000:
Specific toxic effect of dinoflagellate Heterocapsa circularisquama on the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis.:
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.,
64,
2719-2722.
Strains:
6
Kohata, K. & Watanabe, M.:
1984:
The use of a controlled experimental ecosystem (Microcosm) in studies of mechanism of red tide outbreaks (II) - Growth of Heterosigma akashiwo, red tide flagellate, in Microcosm.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 63,
111-121 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Kohata, K. & Watanabe, M.:
1986:
Synchronous division and the pattern of diel vertical migration of Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada (Raphidophyceae) in a laboratory culture tank.:
J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.,
100,
209-224.
Strains:
6
Kohata, K. & Watanabe, M.:
1987:
The use of a controlled experimental ecosystem (Microcosm) in studies of mechanism of red tide outbreaks (V) - Growth and cell volume change of Heterosigma akashiwo, a red tide flagellate.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 110,
57-66 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Kohata, K. & Watanabe, M.:
1987:
The use of a controlled experimental ecosystem (Microcosm) in studies of mechanism of red tide outbreaks (VII) - Growth and its mathematical model of Heterosigma akashiwo, a red tide flagellate, in light-limited synchronous cultures.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 110,
79-88 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Kohata, K., Watanabe, M., Yamanaka, K.:
1991:
Highly sensitive determination of photosynthetic pigments in marine in situ samples by high-performance liquid chromatography.:
J. Chromatogr. A
558,
131-140.
Strains:
6
7
254
323
353
Kohata, K., Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y., Watanabe, M.:
1982:
Growth and phosphate uptake kinetics in Olisthodiscus luteus: grown on synchronized batch cultures.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 30,
95-111 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Kondo, R., Kagiya, G., Komura, M., Yuki, Y., Hiroishi, S., Watanabe, M.:
2000:
Molecular taxonomy of a bloom-forming cyanobacterial genus Microcystis.:
Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan,
47,
25-33 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
87
88
89
90
91
98
99
100
101
102
104
105
106
108
109
110
111
112
298
299
604
1055
1061
1068
1076
1090
1091
1105
1122
1142
1164
Miyagi, N., Satoh, E., Fujii, T.:
1989:
Effects of n-alkylamines on the motility and viability of Heterosigma akashiwo cells.:
Plant Cell Physiol.,
30,
637-642.
Strains:
6
Miyagi, N., Satoh, S., Fujii, T.:
1992:
A nitrate-inducible plasma membrane protein of a marine alga, Heterosigma akashiwo.:
Plant Cell Physiol.,
33,
971-976.
Strains:
6
Mori, S., Nakamura, Y., Watanabe, M. M., Yamochi, S., Watanabe, M.:
1982:
The effect of various environmental factors on the growth yield of red tide algae II.:
Olisthodiscus luteus. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 30,
71-86 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Nagai, H., Satake, M., Murata, M., Yasumoto, T.:
1990:
Screening of marine phytoplankton for antifungal substances.:
In Toxic Marine Phyto-plankton, Eds. by Graneli, E., Sundstrom, B., Edler, L. & Anderson, D. M., Elsevier Science Pub., New York,
pp. 385-390.
Strains:
1
6
12
15
Nakamura, A., Okamoto, T., Komatsu, N., Ooka, S., Oda, T., Ishimatsu, A., Muramatsu, T.:
1998:
Fish mucus stimulates the generation of superoxide anion by Chattonella marina and Heterosigma akashiwo.:
Fish. Sci.,
64,
866-869.
Strains:
6
Niki, T., Kunugi, M., Otsuki, A.:
2000:
DMSP-lyase activity in five marine phytoplankton species: its potential importance in DMS production.:
Mar. Biol.,
136,
759-764.
Strains:
6
7
353
Oda, T., Nakamura, A., Okamoto, T., Ishimatsu, A., Muramatsu, T.:
1998:
Lectin-induced enhancement of superoxide anion production by red tide phytoplankton.:
Mar. Biol.,
131,
383-390.
Strains:
6
Okamoto, T., Kim, D., Oda, T., Matsuoka, K., Ishimatsu, A., Muramatsu, T.:
2000:
Concanavalin A-induced discharge of glycocalyx of raphidophycean flagellates, Chattonella marina and Heteroshigma akashiwo.:
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.,
64,
1767-1770.
Strains:
6
Satoh, E., Satoh, S., Fujii, T.:
1992:
Synchronization of phosphorylation of a chloroplast protein with the cell division cycle in Heterosigma akashiwo.:
Plant Cell Physiol.,
33,
275-280.
Strains:
6
Shono, M., Hara, Y., Wada, M., Fujii, T.:
1996:
A sodium pump in the plasma membrane of the marine alga Heterosigma akashiwo.:
Plant Cell Physiol.,
37,
385-388.
Strains:
6
Shono, M., Wada, M., Fujii, T.:
1995:
Partial purification of a Na+-ATPase from the plasma membrane of the marine alga Heterosigma akashiwo.:
Plant Physiol.,
108,
1615-1621.
Strains:
6
Sugahara, K., Kobayashi, Y., Watanabe, M. M., Watanabe, M.:
1982:
Changes in cellular contents of ATP during growth of red tide algae.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 30,
323-327 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Wada, M., Hara, Y., Kato, M., Yamada, M., Fujii, T.:
1987:
Diurnal appearance, fine structure, and chemical composition of fatty particles in Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae).:
Protoplasma,
137,
134-139.
Strains:
6
Wada, M., Satoh, S., Kasamo, k., Fujii, T.:
1989:
Presence of a Na+-activated ATPase in the plasma membrane of the marine raphidophycean Heterosigma akashiwo.:
Plant Cell Physiol.,
30,
923-928.
Strains:
6
Wada, M., Urayama, O., Satoh, S., Hara, Y., Ikawa, Y., Fujii, T.:
1992:
A marine algal Na+-activated ATPase possesses an immunologically identical epitope to Na+, K+-ATPase.:
FEBS Lett.,
309,
272-274.
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M.:
1982:
The diurnal variations in the cell densities of Olisthodiscus luteus and Skeletonema costatum.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 30,
143-154 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M. & Harashima, A.:
1982:
Bio-convection in culture of Olisthodiscus luteus and Rayleigh-Taylor instability.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 30,
155-173 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M. & Harashima, A.:
1982:
The distribution pattern of Olisthodiscus luteus in convection cells.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 30,
175-190 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M., Kohata, K., Kunugi, M.:
1987:
Diel vertical migration of Heterosigma akashiwo under salinity and phosphate stratifications and metabolism of intracellular phosphate pools.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 110,
103-114 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M., Kohata, K., Kunugi, M.:
1987:
31P nuclear magnetic resonance study of intracellular phosphate pools and polyphosphate metabolism in Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada (Raphidophyceae).:
J. Phycol.,
23,
54-62.
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M., Kohata, K., Kunugi, M.:
1988:
Phosphate accumulation and metabolism by Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) during diel vertical migration in a stratified microcosm.:
J. Phycol.,
24,
22-28.
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M., Takamatsu, T., Kohata, K., Kunugi, M., Kawashima, M., Koyama, M.:
1989:
Luxury phosphate uptake and variation of intracellular metal concentrations in Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidoohyceae).:
J. Phycol.,
25,
428-436.
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M., Watanabe, M. M., Kohata, K., Harashima, A.:
1982:
The use of a controlled experimental ecosystem (Microcosm) in studies of the mechanism of red tide outbreaks.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 30,
11-26 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M. M., Kohata, K., Nakamura, Y., Watanabe, M.:
1982:
Phosphate-limited continuous culture of a red tide flagellate, Olisthodiscus luteus: establishment of its method and the analysis of growth kinetics.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 30,
113-130 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M. M. & Nakamura, Y.:
1984:
Growth characteristics of a red tide flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada. 1. The effects of temperature, salinity, light intensity and pH on growth.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 63,
51-58 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M. M. & Nakamura, Y.:
1984:
Growth characteristics of a red tide flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada. 2. The utilization of nutrients.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 63,
59-68 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y., Kohata, K.:
1983:
Diurnal vertical migration and dark uptake of nitrate and phosphate of the red tide flagellates, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada and Chattonella antiqua (Hada) Ono (Raphidophyceae).:
Jpn. J. Phycol. (Sôrui),
31,
161-166.
Strains:
1
6
Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y., Kohata, K.:
1984:
Diurnal vertical migration of a red tide flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada, with special reference to the ecological role.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 63,
69-77 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y., Mori, S., Yamochi, S.:
1982:
Effects of physico-chemical factors and nutrients on the growth of Heterosigma akashiwo Hada from Osaka Bay, Japan.:
Jpn. J. Phycol. (Sôrui),
30,
279-288.
Strains:
6
Watanabe, M. M., Yamochi, S., Kohata, K., Watanabe, M.:
1982:
Vertical migration and diel periodicity of phosphate uptake in a red tide flagellate, Olisthodiscus luteus.:
Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud.,
No. 30,
131-141 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
6
Yamochi, S.:
1983:
Mechanisms for outbreak of Heterosigma akashiwo red tide in Osaka Bay, Japan. Part 1. Nutrient factors involved in controlling the growth of Heterosigma akashiwo Hada.:
J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan,
39,
310-316.
Strains:
6
Yasumoto, T.:
1992:
Toxin of the marine micro-algae [Kaiyô bisaisôrui no Tokishin].:
BIO Medica,
7,
57-62 (in Japanese).
Strains:
1
6
12
15
Fukao, T., Nishijima, T., Yamaguchi, H., Adachi, M.:
2007:
Utilization of urea by the 6 species of red tide phytoplankton.:
Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan,
54,
1-8 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strains:
1
6
237
323
324
605
Nishibori, N., Niitsu, M., Fujihara, S., Sagara, T., Nishio, S., Imai, I. :
2009:
Occurrence of the polyamines caldopentamine and homocaldopentamine in axenic cultures of the red tide flagellates Chattonella antiqua and Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae). :
FEMS Microbiol. Lett.,
298,
74-78.
Strains:
1
6
Demura, M., Noël, M.-H., Kasai, F., Watanabe, M. M., Kawachi, M. :
2009:
Taxonomic revision of Chattonella antiqua, C. marina and C. ovata (Raphidophyceae) based on their morphological characteristics and genetic diversity.:
Phycologia,
48,
518-535.
Strains:
1
2
3
5
6
9
10
14
83
84
85
113
114
116
118
146
161
293
557
561
603
671
716
849
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1986
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
Yamagishi, T. & Kawai, H.:
2012:
Cytoskeleton organization during the cell cycle in two stramenopile microalgae, Ochromonas danica (Chrysophyceae) and Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae), with special reference to F-actin organization and its role in cytokinesis.:
Protist,
163,
686-700.
Strains:
6
Keawtawee, T., Fukami, K., Songsangjinda, P., Muangyao, P.:
2011:
Isolation and characterization of Noctiluca-killing bacteria from a shrimp aquaculture pond in Thailand.:
Fish. Sci.,
77,
657-664.
Strains:
1
6
Okumura, Y., Koyama, J., Takaku, H., Satoh, H.:
2001:
Influence of organic solvents on the growth of marine microalgae.:
Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.,
41,
123-128.
Strains:
6
324
Nakashima, T., Miyazaki, Y., Matsuyama, Y., Muraoka, W., Yamaguchi, K., Oda, T.:
2006:
Producing mechanism of an algicidal compound against red tide phytoplankton in a marine bacterium γ-proteobacterium.:
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.,
73,
684-690.
Strains:
6
Asai, R., Matsukawa, R., Ikebukuro, K., Karube, I.:
1999:
Highly sensitive chemiluminescence flow-injection detection of the red tide phytoplankton Heterosigma carterae.:
Anal. Chim. Acta,
390,
237-244.
Strains:
6
586
Yamaguchi, H., Arisaka, H., Otsuka, N., Tomaru, Y.:
2014:
Utilization of phosphate diesters by phosphodiesterase-producing marine diatoms.:
J. Plankton Res.,
36,
281-285.
Strains:
6
Oda, T., Nakamura, A., Shikayama, M., Kawano,I., Ishimatsu, A., Muramatsu, T.:
1997:
Generation of reactive oxygen species by Raphidophycean phytoplankton.:
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.,
61,
1658-1662.
Strains:
6
15
Ohkubo, N., Tomaru, Y., Yamaguchi, H., Kitatsuji, S., Mochida, K.:
2017:
Development of a method to assess the ichthyotoxicity of the harmful marine microalgae Karenia spp. using gill cell cultures from red sea bream (Pagrus major).:
Fish Physiol. Biochem.,
43,
1603–1612.
Strains:
6
Kuroda, A., Nakashima, T., Yamaguchi, K., Oda, T.:
2005:
Isolation and characterization of light-dependent hemolytic cytotoxin fromharmful red tide phytoplankton Chattonella marina.:
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C-Pharmacol. Toxicol. Endocrinol.,
141,
297-305.
Strains:
6
15
Sakata, T., Yoshikawa, T., Nishitarumizu, S.:
2010:
Purification of an algicidal substance produced by marine Pseudomonas sp. C55a-2.:
Mem, Fac. Fish. Kagoshima Univ.,
59,
17-25.
Strains:
6
121
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